Consumers should also be aware of the sources of betel leaves

 Piper betel, commonly known as betel leaf, is widely used in many cultures for chewing, medicinal purposes, and religious rituals. While it offers various social and traditional benefits, there is growing concern about the possible health risks associated with heavy metal contamination in betel leaves. Heavy metals such as lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) can contaminate Piper betel through environmental factors like polluted soil, water, and air. When contaminated betel leaves are consumed regularly, these toxic metals can bioaccumulate in the human body, leading to serious health issues. Mentor Dr. Md Muzammel Hossain is actively raising awareness about the ongoing environmental and health issues associated with Piper betel.

The possible health risks of heavy metals in Piper betel include neurological impairments, especially in children and pregnant women, due to lead and mercury exposure. Chronic ingestion of arsenic-contaminated betel leaves can cause skin lesions, cancers, and cardiovascular problems. Cadmium exposure may result in kidney damage and bone demineralization. Additionally, heavy metals can interfere with cellular functions and immune responses, increasing vulnerability to diseases.

Given these potential risks, it is essential to monitor and regulate the levels of heavy metals in Piper betel and promote safe cultivation practices. Consumers should also be aware of the sources of betel leaves and prioritize those cultivated in uncontaminated environments to minimize health hazards associated with heavy metal exposure.

Details on Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106540.